Forensic psychologist

Career path and progression

With experience, you could:

• become a senior psychologist in a prison or hospital secure unit
• move into a policy, strategy or service management role
• work freelance as a consultant, for example as an expert witness

What it takes

Skills and knowledge

You'll need:

• knowledge of psychology
• counselling skills including active listening and a non-judgemental approach
• analytical thinking skills
• the ability to understand people’s reactions
• sensitivity and understanding
• the ability to accept criticism and work well under pressure
• patience and the ability to remain calm in stressful situations
• excellent written communication skills
• to be able to use a computer and the main software packages confidently

Restrictions and Requirements

You'll need to:

• pass enhanced background checks

Related subjects

Most relevant

• Psychology - Forensic psychologists use psychological theories and research methods every day to understand criminal behaviour, assess risk, and deliver therapy to offenders. They draw on areas like cognitive, developmental, and abnormal psychology to explain why people commit crimes and how they can be helped to change.
• Biology - Forensic psychologists need to understand how the brain and nervous system influence behaviour, including topics like the effects of trauma, mental illness, and substance misuse. Knowledge of biological factors behind aggression, addiction, and personality disorders is important when assessing and treating offenders.
• Mathematics - Forensic psychologists use statistics to design and interpret research studies, analyse data from risk assessments, and evaluate whether treatment programmes are effective. Understanding probability and statistical significance is essential when presenting evidence to courts and parole boards.
• Sociology - Forensic psychologists consider how social factors – such as poverty, family background, peer influence, and inequality – contribute to criminal behaviour. Understanding how society shapes individuals helps them develop more effective interventions and advise on prison policy.
• Law - Forensic psychologists work within the criminal justice system, advising courts, parole boards, and mental health tribunals. They need to understand legal processes, the rules around evidence, and how their assessments feed into decisions about sentencing, detention, and release.

Also relevant

• English Language - Forensic psychologists write detailed risk assessments, research reports, and court submissions that must be clear, precise, and persuasive. They also need strong communication skills when giving evidence as expert witnesses or explaining complex psychological concepts to non-specialists.
• Philosophy - Forensic psychologists regularly grapple with ethical dilemmas – such as balancing patient confidentiality with public safety, or deciding how to treat someone who has committed serious offences. Philosophical thinking about ethics, free will, and moral responsibility helps them navigate these difficult decisions.
• Politics - Forensic psychologists may move into policy and strategy roles that shape how the criminal justice system operates. Understanding how government, legislation, and public policy work helps them contribute to debates about sentencing, rehabilitation, and mental health provision in prisons.