Architect

Career path and progression

With experience you could:

• become a principal architect or a partner in an architectural practice
• work on projects as a freelance consultant
• set up your own architectural design business
• specialise in a particular area, for example commercial, residential or interior architecture

What it takes

Skills and knowledge

You'll need:

• design skills and knowledge
• knowledge of building and construction
• to be thorough and pay attention to detail
• thinking and reasoning skills
• excellent verbal communication skills
• analytical thinking skills
• the ability to use your initiative
• customer service skills
• to be able to use a computer and the main software packages confidently

Related subjects

Most relevant

• Art and Design - Architects need strong visual and creative skills to design buildings and spaces that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing. They produce hand-drawn sketches, models, and visual presentations to communicate their ideas to clients and planning authorities – a portfolio of this kind of work is essential from the very start.
• Mathematics - Architects use mathematics constantly – from calculating dimensions, areas, and structural loads to working with scales on technical drawings. Geometry and spatial reasoning are especially important when designing complex shapes and ensuring buildings fit together precisely.
• Physics - Architects need to understand how forces, loads, and materials behave so their designs are structurally sound. Knowledge of energy transfer, light, and acoustics also helps them design buildings that are comfortable, energy-efficient, and fit for purpose.
• Design and Technology - Architects use the design process every day – researching, sketching, prototyping, and refining ideas before they become real buildings. Understanding materials, manufacturing methods, and how to read and produce technical drawings is central to the role.

Also relevant

• Computer Science - Architects increasingly use computer-aided design (CAD) software, Building Information Modelling (BIM), and parametric design tools that rely on computational thinking. Understanding how these digital systems work helps architects create complex 3D models and run simulations of how a building will perform.
• Geography - Architects consider the physical environment, climate, and local context when designing buildings. Understanding factors like flood risk, land use, urban planning, and sustainability helps them create designs that work well in their surroundings.
• Environmental Science - Architects are increasingly expected to design buildings that minimise environmental impact, using sustainable materials and energy-efficient systems. Understanding topics like carbon emissions, renewable energy, and ecological impact helps them meet modern building standards.
• Business - Architects manage project budgets, draw up contracts, and negotiate with clients and contractors. Many go on to run their own practices or work as freelance consultants, so understanding how to manage finances and win work is genuinely useful.
• History - Architects often work on restoring and conserving existing buildings, which requires an understanding of historical building styles, construction methods, and cultural significance. Knowledge of architectural history also informs and inspires new designs.